Keyhole evolution at laser power 7.5 kW.

Physical model of weld pool in GTAW welding. (a) Heat transfer

Keyhole evolution at laser power 7.5 kW.

Experimental principle of laser lattice vision measurement

Morphological changes of laser lattice on the surface of the weld

Applied Sciences, Free Full-Text

Applied Sciences, Free Full-Text

Schematic representation of the pressure balance in the weld pool

Yu ZHISHUI Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai

Schematic of the CWW NG-GMAW system