Exploiting black labor after the abolition of slavery

In the 12 years following the abolition of slavery, former slaves made meaningful political, social and economic gains. This moment was short-lived.

Between bondage and freedom: Life in Civil War refugee camps

prison labor – News, Research and Analysis – The Conversation – page 1

The 13th Amendment's fatal flaw created modern-day convict slavery

Black Labor

Modern Slavery: Forced Labor in Mozambique

Modern-day slavery is the exploitation of vulnerability

Fact check: Tipping kept wages low for formerly enslaved Black workers

Sharecropping: Slavery Rerouted, American Experience, Official Site

The brutal trade in enslaved people within the US has been largely whitewashed out of history

U.S. Slavery and Economic Thought - Econlib

Criminalizing Blackness: Prisons, Police and Jim Crow

Charleston, South Carolina - The Transatlantic Slave Trade